A history of quantum entanglement and Bell’s inequality

Theoretical foundations for optical quantum experiments with entangled photons

ICTQT University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

Abstract

Quantum mechanics gives probabilistic predictions, it is very abstract, and leads to paradoxes. It was discovered in 1925 in two acts of ingenious creativity. By Heisenberg, at the Helgoland island, and by Schrödinger half a year later in Alps. It allows to explain and predict an enormous range of phenomena, but almost immediately met an opposition. Einstein fully recognized it as a practical tool, but criticized its non-deterministic nature. The Einstein-Bohr debate began. Clauser, Aspect and Zeilinger ended it.